Diagnosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease: International MOGAD Panel proposed criteria
Journal: The Lancet Neurology; March 1, 2023
Author(s): Brenda Banwell, Jeffrey L Bennett, Romain Marignier, Ho Jin Kim, Fabienne Brilot, Eoin P Flanagan, Sudarshini Ramanathan, Patrick Waters, Silvia Tenembaum, Jennifer S Graves, Tanuja Chitnis, Alexander U Brandt, Cheryl Hemingway, Rinze Neuteboom, Lekha Pandit, Markus Reindl, Albert Saiz, Douglas Kazutoshi Sato, Kevin Rostasy, Friedemann Paul, Sean J Pittock, Kazuo Fujihara, Jacqueline Palace
International consensus diagnostic criteria for MOGAD
Until recently MOGAD did not have well-defined and universally recognized diagnostic criteria to allow it to be distinguished from other demyelinating disorders such as MS and NMOSD. International experts in the field of neuroimmunology discussed and proposed in agreement some criteria that could be applied for diagnosis of MOGAD in patients globally across all age groups (both children and adults). This paper outlines the proposed criteria in detail, including the symptoms and clinical features, what neurologists should look for in MRI (typical areas of brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve involvement, what laboratory tests should be conducted (including blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid). One key factor for the diagnosis is the detection of anti-MOG antibodies. Neurologists diagnosing MOGAD need to make sure that MS is ruled out, but not all patients with MS need to be evaluated for MOGAD. While these criteria still need to be validated in actual clinical settings, they have the potential to improve the accuracy and speed of MOGAD diagnosis and thus improve the outcomes for patients.
Related article: Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children
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